Pest potential of Pisonia alba extracts and fractions against mosquito-borne disease (Diptera: Culicidae)

Abstract

Mosquitocidal activity of Pisonia alba leaf extracts was tested against Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti. Totally Twenty five early fourth instars larvae of Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti (A. stephensi, C. quinquefasciatus and A. aegypti) were exposed to various concentrations (50-250 ×106) and the 24 hrs LC50 values of the Pisonia alba extracts was determined by probit analysis and ovicidal activity, determined against A. stephensi, C. quinquefasciatus and A. aegypti to various concentrations ranging from 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/cm2 ppm under laboratory conditions. The eggs hatchability was assessed 48 hrs post treatment. The LC50 and LC90 values of Pisonia alba petroleum ether extract against A. stephensi were 100.62 and 117.80×106, respectively; C. quinquefasciatus were 98.52 and 112.75 ×106, respectively; For, A. aegypti were 111.29 and 141.16 ×106, respectively. The ovicidal activity of Pisonia alba exerted 100% mortality at 240, 300 and 360 ×106 against C. quinquefasciatus and for repellency activity was definite against A. stephensi, C. quinquefasciatus and A. aegypti species at three concentration like 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0× 10–2kg.m–2 under the laboratory conditions. The petroleum ether extract of Pisonia alba establish to more repellent than the additional extracts. A higher concentration of 4.0 ×10–2kg.m–2 provided 100% protection up to 120, 160 and 200 minutes, respectively. The outcome clearly shows that larvicidal ovicidal and repellent activity was dose reliant. From the results it can be concluded the petroleum ether extract of Pisonia alba was an outstanding potential for controlling the vector mosquito C. quinquefasciatus.